Chapter 5 Martin Outline

Chapter 5 Martin Walker – The Cold War Pages 112-135 Spies in the Skies: Sputnik to U-2 1. Link between Hungarian crackdown and Soviet relations with Poland and Yugoslavia: 2. Examples of Soviet economic boom of the 50’s and 60’s 3. U. S. Reactions to Sputnik’s launch 4. Gaither Report a. Its findings b. Its recommendations c. Eisenhower’s reactions 5. National Defense Act of 1958 and its results 6. Anglo-American relations warm sults tSoviet relations with Poland and Yugoslaviaand ensuing agreements 7. French intransigence following the Suez humiliation 8. De Gaulle . Algeria and the 4th Republic e. Meeting with General Norstad f. Consequences g. ICBM worries 9. Dulles, Adenauer and France 10. French and British begin divesting their countries of empires 11. Iraq presents a problem in 1958 and how the U. S. and British dealt with it 12. British hardballing in the Middle East 13. Roots of the growing British-French mistrust 14. Coup against Khrushch ev and the aftermath 15. China h. Growing discontent with Russia i. Mao’s West vs. East wind speech j. Mao’s Nuclear war stance k. Hundred Flowers Campaign l. Great Leap Forward m.Soviet response to Chinese appeal for nuclear aid against the U. S. 16. Examples of brinkmanship by both the Soviet and the U. S. 17. Why the need to display brinkmanship 18. Maintaining a nuclear balance and the unpredictable weights 19. Berlin n. Khrushchev’s proposal o. Why the U. S. found it difficult to agree to p. Khrushchev – Adenauer meeting 20. U-2 planes and their capabilities 21. Sino-Soviet split as reason for Soviet intransigence following the Paris Summit 22. Khrushchev, Soviet conventional armed forces, and the Strategic Rocket Forces 23. Cuba, sugar, and the Soviets

Management - Strategy Process Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Management - Strategy Process - Essay Example The word strategy was introduced by Sun Tzu in his book The Art of War though at that time he discussed about the military strategy (Tzu, 1971). The main concept behind using of word strategy was to gain advantage over something or someone and in business strategy has been defined as a comprehensive and integrated plan that has been devised to make sure that the main objective of the organization is achieved (Glueck, 1980). Strategy has been used by firms globally to identify what the organization would like to achieve and how it is going to achieve therefore the importance of strategy becomes very vital as proper strategic planning will influence the future of the organization and it will define whether the organization would be able to achieve success or not. Strategic management in the last few years have become a field for the managers which helps them in managing STRATEGY PROCESS Devising strategy for the management has become an important task as it leads to the success or fail ure of the organization. ... Plan 2. Ploy 3. Pattern 4. Position 5. Perspective 1. Strategy as a Plan Plan is defined as the first P of the 5Ps of Strategy as proposed by Mintzberg. Strategy is about planning in order to achieve something or in order to deal with certain situation. Planning involves guidelines that have to be followed to achieve the main objective of the organization. So, this definition of strategy leads to two important characteristics of strategy which are: Planning or strategy has to be made in advance There is an objective or purpose behind formulation of strategies (Henry, Mintzberg, Quinn, & Cliff, 1992) Managers use different tools like SWOT and TWOS to plan their actions according to what they have and what they do not have along with the opportunities that exist in the market that they can exploit. 2. Strategy as Ploy Strategy can be described as a ploy as well with the aim to get the better of competitors. According to Mintzberg (2002) with the ploy of outsmarting the competitors and disrupting or discouraging them, strategy can be considered as a ploy as well. Scenario analysis is one of the tools that have been used by managers to analyze the situation of the company against competitors. 3. Strategy as Pattern Strategy according to Mintzberg (1987) is also defined as a pattern as using the word strategy with plan only is not sufficient. Pattern means consistency in actions and consistency in the way things are managed and done. It has been explained that patterns are realized strategy whereas plans are intended strategies. 4. Strategy as Position Strategy is also defined as position which refers to how the management decides to position the organization in the market. With this definition, the

Book Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Book Review - Essay Example Even with the good press associated with the Marshall Plan, revisionists and diplomatic historians from both the United States and the sixteen involved nations from Western Europe—even more than fifty years after its ratification and implementation—still debate on its origins, motives and effects (Agnew and Entrikin 2004, p. 1). For instance, historical revisionists have found that â€Å"the economic impact of the plan has been significantly downgraded as scholars concluded that the crisis of 1947 in Europe was less grave than American policy-makers had thought† (Hitchcock n.d.). With these considerations in mind, two of the most substantial and celebrated books on rethinking and revisiting the Marshall Plan will be reviewed in this paper in order to shed some light on what the real purposes and effects of the Marshall Plan are in relation to the United States’ supposed gigantic role in the economic recovery of Europe. The book by Michael Hogan and two chapters from Agnew and Entrikin’s volume will be compared against each other through their contributions to the rethinking of the Marshall Plan. While the former is very detailed, the message that Hogan wants to state is somewhat lost within the detailing of the various facets of the creation of the Marshall Plan. On the other hand, Agnew and Entrikin’s chapters are composed of separate papers that present an all-encompassing view of the Marshall Plan and its effects. These separate chapters that can stand on their own present a more comprehensive and understandable argument as to the sig nificance of the Marshall Plan in history. It can be said then that quality and readability of a work does not depend on the length and an extreme attention to detail, but on a concise presentation of facts and figures that would make the reader understand and accept the argument presented as true. Although there are a lot of differences between the two books, one of the main causes